Sahih al-Bukhari 6721

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كتاب كفارات الأيمان ›

Book 84: Expiation for Unfulfilled Oaths

Chapter: To make expiation for one’s oath

Chain of Narration (Isnad)

Narrated by زهدم بن مضرب أبو مسلم الجرمي 5 narrators

'Ali bin Hujr bin Iyas bin Maqatil Atbāʿ al-Tābiʿīn 154 AH – 244 AH Isma'il bin Ibrahim - Ibn 'Aliya Atbāʿ al-Tābiʿīn 110 AH – 193 AH Ayoub al-Sakhtiyani Tābiʿī 66 or 68 AH – 131 AH القاسم بن عاصم التميمي ويقال الكليني Tābiʿī زهدم بن مضرب أبو مسلم الجرمي Tābiʿī

Narrated Zahdam al-Jarmi:We were sitting with Abu Musa Al-Ash'sari, and as there were ties of friendship and mutual favors between us and his tribe. His meal was presented before him and there was chicken meat in it. Among those who were present there was a man from Bani Taimillah having a red complexion as a non-Arab freed slave, and that man did not approach the meal. Abu Musa said to him, "Come along! I have seen Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) eating of that (i.e., chicken)." The man said, "I have seen it (chickens) eating something I regarded as dirty, and so I have taken an oath that I shall not eat (its meat) chicken." Abu Musa said, "Come along! I will inform you about it (i.e., your oath). Once we went to Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) in company with a group of Ash'airiyin, asking him for mounts while he was distributing some camels from the camels of Zakat. (Aiyub said, "I think he said that the Prophet was in an angry mood at the time.") The Prophet (ﷺ) said, 'By Allah! I will not give you mounts, and I have nothing to mount you on.' After we had left, some camels of booty were brought to Allah's Apostle and he said, "Where are those Ash`ariyin? Where are those Ash`ariyin?" So we went (to him) and he gave us five very fat good-looking camels. We mounted them and went away, and then I said to my companions, 'We went to Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) to give us mounts, but he took an oath that he would not give us mounts, and then later on he sent for us and gave us mounts, perhaps Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) forgot his oath. By Allah, we will never be successful, for we have taken advantage of the fact that Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) forgot to fulfill his oath. So let us return to Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) to remind him of his oath.' We returned and said, 'O Allah's Messenger (ﷺ)! We came to you and asked you for mounts, but you took an oath that you would not give us mounts) but later on you gave us mounts, and we thought or considered that you have forgotten your oath.' The Prophet (ﷺ) said, 'Depart, for Allah has given you Mounts. By Allah, Allah willing, if I take an oath and then later find another thing better than that, I do what is better, and make expiation for the oath.' " (two other narrations through Zahdam as above)

Reference

Sahih al-Bukhari 6721

In-book reference

Book 84, Hadith 14

USC-MSA web (English)

Vol. 8, Book 79, Hadith 712

Translation by Muhsin Khan · Language: EN

It is related that Zahdam al-Jarmi said, "We were with Abu Musa al-Ash'ari, and there was friendship and mutual favours between us and this tribe of Jarm. He was brought some food which contained chicken meat. Among those present was a man from the Banu Taym who was reddish as if he were one of the Greek clients. He did not approach the good and Abu Musa said to him, 'Come over. I have seen the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, eating this.' He said, 'I saw them eating something filthy and I swore that I would never eat that.' Abu Musa said, 'Come over and I will inform you about that. We went to the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, in the group of the Ash'arites, asking him to give us mounts. He was dividing up some of the livestock of the zakat. (Ayyub said, 'I think that he said that the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, was angry.') He said, 'By Allah, I will not give you mounts, and I do not have any mounts to give you.' We left and then the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, was brought some camels as booty. He said, 'Where are those Ash'arites?' He commanded for us five camels with white humps. When we left, I said to my companions, 'We went to the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, to ask for mounts and He swore that he would not give us any mounts and then he sent for us gave us mounts. The Messenger of Allah. may Allah bless him and grant him peace, has forgotten his oath. By Allah, if we are take advantage of Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, forgetting his oath, we will never prosper! Let us go back to the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, and remind him of his oath.' So we returned to him and said, 'Messenger of Allah, we came to you and asked you to give us mounts and you swore that you would not give us mounts and then you gave us mounts. We thought (or we recognised?) that you forgot your oath.' He said, 'Go, Allah gave you mounts. By Allah, Allah willing, I will never make an oath and then see something better than it without doing the thing that is better and then doing expiation for it.'" Hammad ibn Zayd corroborate it from Ayyub from Abu Qilaba and al-Qasim ibn 'Asim al-Kalbi. Another isnad of this from Zahdam. Another isnad from Zahdam.

Reference

Sahih al-Bukhari 6721

In-book reference

Book 84, Hadith 14

USC-MSA web (English)

Vol. 8, Book 79, Hadith 712

Translation by Aisha Bewley · Language: EN

Arabic Text

حَدَّثَنَا عَلِيُّ بْنُ حُجْرٍ، حَدَّثَنَا إِسْمَاعِيلُ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ، عَنْ أَيُّوبَ، عَنِ الْقَاسِمِ التَّمِيمِيِّ، عَنْ زَهْدَمٍ الْجَرْمِيِّ، قَالَ كُنَّا عِنْدَ أَبِي مُوسَى وَكَانَ بَيْنَنَا وَبَيْنَ هَذَا الْحَىِّ مِنْ جَرْمٍ إِخَاءٌ وَمَعْرُوفٌ ـ قَالَ ـ فَقُدِّمَ طَعَامٌ ـ قَالَ ـ وَقُدِّمَ فِي طَعَامِهِ لَحْمُ دَجَاجٍ ـ قَالَ ـ وَفِي الْقَوْمِ رَجُلٌ مِنْ بَنِي تَيْمِ اللَّهِ أَحْمَرُ كَأَنَّهُ مَوْلًى ـ قَالَ ـ فَلَمْ يَدْنُ فَقَالَ لَهُ أَبُو مُوسَى ادْنُ، فَإِنِّي قَدْ رَأَيْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم يَأْكُلُ مِنْهُ‏.‏ قَالَ إِنِّي رَأَيْتُهُ يَأْكُلُ شَيْئًا قَذِرْتُهُ، فَحَلَفْتُ أَنْ لاَ أَطْعَمَهُ أَبَدًا‏.‏ فَقَالَ ادْنُ أُخْبِرْكَ عَنْ ذَلِكَ، أَتَيْنَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم فِي رَهْطٍ مِنَ الأَشْعَرِيِّينَ أَسْتَحْمِلُهُ، وَهْوَ يُقْسِمُ نَعَمًا مِنْ نَعَمِ الصَّدَقَةِ ـ قَالَ أَيُّوبُ أَحْسِبُهُ قَالَ وَهْوَ غَضْبَانُ ـ قَالَ ‏"‏ وَاللَّهِ لاَ أَحْمِلُكُمْ، وَمَا عِنْدِي مَا أَحْمِلُكُمْ ‏"‏‏.‏ قَالَ فَانْطَلَقْنَا فَأُتِيَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم بِنَهْبِ إِبِلٍ، فَقِيلَ أَيْنَ هَؤُلاَءِ الأَشْعَرِيُّونَ فَأَتَيْنَا فَأَمَرَ لَنَا بِخَمْسِ ذَوْدٍ غُرِّ الذُّرَى، قَالَ فَانْدَفَعْنَا فَقُلْتُ لأَصْحَابِي أَتَيْنَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم نَسْتَحْمِلُهُ، فَحَلَفَ أَنْ لاَ يَحْمِلَنَا، ثُمَّ أَرْسَلَ إِلَيْنَا فَحَمَلَنَا، نَسِيَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم يَمِينَهُ، وَاللَّهِ لَئِنْ تَغَفَّلْنَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم يَمِينَهُ لاَ نُفْلِحُ أَبَدًا، ارْجِعُوا بِنَا إِلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم فَلْنُذَكِّرْهُ يَمِينَهُ‏.‏ فَرَجَعْنَا فَقُلْنَا يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ أَتَيْنَاكَ نَسْتَحْمِلُكَ، فَحَلَفْتَ أَنْ لاَ تَحْمِلَنَا ثُمَّ حَمَلْتَنَا فَظَنَنَّا ـ أَوْ فَعَرَفْنَا ـ أَنَّكَ نَسِيتَ يَمِينَكَ‏.‏ قَالَ ‏"‏ انْطَلِقُوا، فَإِنَّمَا حَمَلَكُمُ اللَّهُ، إِنِّي وَاللَّهِ إِنْ شَاءَ اللَّهُ لاَ أَحْلِفُ عَلَى يَمِينٍ، فَأَرَى غَيْرَهَا خَيْرًا مِنْهَا، إِلاَّ أَتَيْتُ الَّذِي هُوَ خَيْرٌ وَتَحَلَّلْتُهَا ‏"‏‏.‏ تَابَعَهُ حَمَّادُ بْنُ زَيْدٍ عَنْ أَيُّوبَ عَنْ أَبِي قِلاَبَةَ وَالْقَاسِمِ بْنِ عَاصِمٍ الْكُلَيْبِيِّ‏.‏ حَدَّثَنَا قُتَيْبَةُ، حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ الْوَهَّابِ، عَنْ أَيُّوبَ، عَنْ أَبِي قِلاَبَةَ، وَالْقَاسِمِ التَّمِيمِيِّ عَنْ زَهْدَمٍ، بِهَذَا‏.‏ حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو مَعْمَرٍ، حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ الْوَارِثِ، حَدَّثَنَا أَيُّوبُ، عَنِ الْقَاسِمِ، عَنْ زَهْدَمٍ، بِهَذَا‏.‏

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